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AMSOIL Synthetic Gear Lube Outperforms
Valvoline Gear Lube
High
quality gear oils must lubricate, cool and protect geared
systems. They must also carry damaging wear debris away from
contact zones and muffle the sound of gear operation. Commonly
used in differential gears and standard transmission applications
in commercial and passenger vehicles, as well as a variety
of industrial machinery, gear oils must offer extreme temperature
and pressure protection in order to prevent wear, pitting,
spalling, scoring, scuffing and other types of damage that
result in equipment failure and downtime. Protection against
oxidation, thermal degradation, rust, copper corrosion and
foaming is also important.
AMSOIL submitted its 75W-90
Synthetic Gear Lube (AGR)
and Valvoline 75W-90 Gear Lube to an independent laboratory
for quality comparison tests. The gear lubes were tested according
to ASTM testing procedures in several critical performance
areas, including oxidation resistance, viscosity retention
and cold temperature fluidity. Oxidation resistance was measured
using the L-60-1 Thermal Oxidation Stability Test, viscosity
retention was measured using the KRL Shear Stability Test
and cold temperature fluidity was measured using the Brookfield
Viscosity Test. Additional load carrying, wear, extreme pressure
and scoring protection tests were performed exclusively on
AMSOIL
75W-90 Synthetic Gear Lube using the L-37 High Torque
Axle Test and the L-42 High Speed Axle Test.
L-60-1 Thermal Oxidation Stability
Test
Test Conditions
The L-60-1 Thermal Oxidation Stability Test measures
a lubricant's rate of deterioration under severe oxidation
conditions. A measured sample of test lubricant is placed
in a special gear case with two spur gears and a copper catalyst
strip. The gears are driven at 1,725 rpm at 163°C for
a 50-hour duration, while air is bubbled through the sample.
Viscosity increase, deposits
not soluble in pentane or toluene, carbon varnish and sludge
deposits are measured upon test completion. Test specifications
are listed below.
|
L-60-1 Thermal Oxidation
Stability Test Specifications |
| |
API GL-5 |
API MT-1/SAE J-2360/MIL-PRF-2105E/Mack
GO-J |
Mack GO-J+ |
| Test Conditions |
50 hours @ 163°C |
50 hours @ 163°C |
100 hours @ 163°C |
| Viscosity Rise, % |
100 Max. |
100 Max. |
100 Max. |
| Pentane Insolubles, % |
3 Max. |
3 Max. |
3 Max. |
| Toluene Insolubles, % |
2 Max. |
2 Max. |
2 Max. |
| Carbon Varnish, rating |
Not required |
7.5 Min. |
7.5 Min. |
| Sludge, rating |
Not required |
9.4 Min. |
9.4 Min. |
|
L-60-1 Thermal Oxidation
Stability Test Results |
| |
AMSOIL Synthetic
75W-90 |
Valvoline
75W-90 |
Valvoline
75W-90 |
| Test Conditions |
100 hours @ 163°C |
50 hours @ 163°C |
100 hours @ 163°C |
| Viscosity Rise, % |
25.17 |
17.50 |
38.50 |
| Pentane Insolubles, % |
0.20 |
0.87 |
1.17 |
| Toluene Insolubles, % |
0.13 |
1.11 |
0.99 |
| Carbon Varnish, rating |
8.0 |
7.2 |
5.9 |
| Sludge, rating |
9.5 |
9.4 |
9.4 |
Test Results
Because AMSOIL
75W-90 Synthetic Gear Lube is a premium lubricant designed
for extended drain service, the test was allowed to continue
for 100 straight hours, double the standard test length. The
Valvoline 75W-90 was run at both the standard 50-hour test
length and the double 100-hour test length. Test results indicate
AMSOIL 75W-90 Synthetic Gear Lube outperformed Valvoline at
both test lengths.
Even at double the standard
test length, AMSOIL 75W-90 scored almost four times better
than industry test specifications in the area of viscosity
increase, while also greatly exceeding specifications in all
areas of the test.
The photographs below show the
superior deposit-control characteristics of AMSOIL 75W-90
Synthetic Gear Lube.
|
KRL Shear Stability Test |
| AMSOIL 75W-90 (100 hours) |
Valvoline 75W-90 (100 hours) |
Valvoline 75W-90 (50 hours) |
 |
| Even after enduring
a double-length, 100-hour L-60-1 Thermal Oxidation Stability
Test, AMSOIL 75W-90 Synthetic Gear Lube produced significantly
fewer deposits than the Valvoline 75W-90 run at a standard,
50-hour test. |
KRL Shear Stability Test
Test Conditions
It is essential that high-quality gear lubes resist shear
to ensure adequate oil film thickness and protection against
friction and wear. The KRL Shear Stability Test is used to
determine the mechanical shear stability of lubricants containing
polymer. Mandatory under the SAE J-306 gear oil standard,
the KRL Shear Stability Test makes use of a taper roller bearing
in order to shear the test fluid and determine the permanent
drop in viscosity caused by the mechanical stress under practical
conditions. Under the specifications of SAE J- 306, the measured
viscosity at 100°C (212°F) of an SAE 90 gear oil must
exceed 13.5 cSt after 20 hours of testing.
Test Results
AMSOIL
75W-90 Synthetic Gear Lube easily exceeded SAE J-306 specifications
following the 20-hour test length and was allowed to continue
for a total of 192 straight hours, almost 10 times longer
than the standard test length. Even after this extended test,
AMSOIL 75W-90 lost only 0.40 percent of its original viscosity,
making it 99.6 percent shear stable.
Valvoline 75W-90 Gear Lube,
on the other hand, failed the test during the initial 20-hour
testing period, losing 14 percent of its original viscosity.
Brookfield Viscosity Test
Test
Conditions
The Brookfield Viscosity Test (ASTM 0-2983) is used to determine
the internal fluid-friction of a lubricant during cold temperature
operation. The lubricant sample is chilled in a -40°C
(-40° F) air bath for 16 hours, and a Brookfield viscometer
determines the torque required to shear the lubricant. The
lower the cold temperature viscosity (measured in centipoise),
the better the cold temperature protection. ASTM specifications
dictate that 75W-90 gear oils measure less than 150,000 cP
at test completion.
Test Results
AMSOIL
75W-90 Synthetic Gear Lube easily passed the Brookfield
Viscosity Test, measuring 88,000 cP at test completion, 42
percent less than test limits. The superior cold temperature
properties of AMSOIL 75W-90 Synthetic Gear Lube ensure quicker
oil flow, enhanced component protection and improved fuel
efficiency.
Many conventional lubricants
fail to pass the Brookfield Viscosity Test due to the paraffinic
(wax) content in their base oils. Valvoline Gear Lube passed
the test at 130,000 cP, only 13 percent lower than test limits.
| KRL Test Results |
AMSOIL 75W-90
(After 192 hrs. KRL) |
Valvoline 75W-90
(After 20 hrs. KRL) |
| Beginning Viscosity @ 100°C (cSt) |
15.09 |
14.46 |
| Ending Viscosity @ 100°C (cSt) |
15.03 (pass) |
12.42 (fail) |
| % Viscosity Loss, 100°C |
0.40% |
14.10% |
1-37 High Torque Axle Test
 |
| The gears protected by AMSOIL
75W-90 Synthetic gear Oil showed little or no rippling,
ridging, pitting or deposits following the L-37 High Torque
Axle Test. |
Test Conditions
The L-37 High Torque Axle Test is used to evaluate a gear
lubricant's load-carrying, wear and extreme pressure characteristics
in hypoid gears operating under both high-speed/low-torque
and low-speed/high-torque conditions. A Dana Model 60 hypoid
gear axle is used with either coated or uncoated drive gear
and pinion to drive two dynamometers from an eight-cylinder,
5.7-liter gasoline engine. With the axle filled with the test
lubricant, the high-speed/low-torque test is performed for
100 minutes, with the gears visually assessed afterwards.
Next, the low-speed/high-torque test is run for 24 hours,
followed by a thorough inspection of the gears. Performance
relative to API GL-5 and MIL-PRF-2105E specifications is assessed
based on tooth surface rippling, ridging, pitting and wear,
deposits and discoloration.
Test Results
Testing on AMSOIL
75W-90 Synthetic Gear Oil was conducted using uncoated
gear and pinion. The AMSOIL lubricant passed on all counts
and showed little to no rippling, ridging, pitting or deposits,
indicating that AMSOIL 75W-90 provides superior protection
and performance under extreme pressure conditions.
L-42 High Speed Axle Test
 |
| The gears protected by AMSOIL
75W-90 Synthetic gear Oil showed little to no scoring
following the L-42 High Speed Axle Test. |
Test Conditions
The L-42 High Speed Axle Test evaluates the antiscoring characteristics
of a gear lubricant operating under high-speed and shock-loading
conditions. A Spicer Model 44-1 hypoid gear axle is driven
by a 5.7 liter, V8 gasoline engine with a four-speed truck
transmission and two high-inertia dynamometers and hard accelerated
to 100 mph. The axle is periodically shock-loaded through
a dynamometer to simulate high shock-loading conditions. The
axle is accelerated through the gears to 1,050 r/min and decelerated
to 530 r/min. This cycle is repeated five times, followed
by 10 shock loadings. In order to meet API GL-5 and MIL-PRF-2105E
gear oil specifications, scoring must be equal to or better
than gears tested with a reference oil.
Test Results
AMSOIL 75W-90 Synthetic Gear Oil easily passed the
L-42 High Speed Axle Test, receiving a significantly better
rating than the reference oil and leaving little to no scoring
on the ring and pinion.
|
L-42
High Speed Axle Test |
| |
AMSOIL 75W-90 |
Reference
Oil |
| Ring |
13 |
19 |
| Pinion |
18 |
27 |
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